The most comprehensive knowledge of organic fertilizers in history, recommended for collection (pure dry goods)

Types of Organic Fertilizers
Nutrients are comprehensive, organic matter content is high, and it can also loosen the soil, fertilize the soil, improve soil structure, increase crop yield and quality. It is deeply loved by farmers. However, there are various types of organic fertilizers available in the market, with varying prices and quality. Some farmers also have misconceptions about the use of organic fertilizers. Today we will discuss organic fertilizers from the aspects of raw materials, processes, identification, and use, hoping to provide some help to everyone.
Compost: A type of fertilizer made by mixing various types of orange stalks, fallen leaves, green grass, animal and plant residues, and human and animal manure in proportion or with a small amount of soil for aerobic fermentation and maturation.

Composting: The raw materials used For Composting are basically the same as compost, except that they are fermented under flooded conditions.
Stable manure: refers to the fertilizer made from the manure, urine, and straw bedding of livestock and poultry such as pigs, cows, horses, sheep, chickens, and ducks Biogas fertilizer: In a sealed biogas digester, organic matter decomposes to produce by-products of biogas, including biogas liquid and residue.
Green manure: Using cultivated or wild green plants as fertilizer. Such as mung beans, broad beans, sweet clover, field lilies, alfalfa, and sweet potatoes in the legume family. Non leguminous green manure includes ryegrass, fertile radish, sunflower, Man Jianghong, water hyacinth, and peanuts.
Crop straw: Crop straw is one of the important fertilizer varieties, containing essential nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca, s, etc.

using various animal waste (including animal feces; animal processing waste) and plant residues (cakes and fertilizers; crop straw; fallen leaves; dead branches; peat, etc.), using physical, chemical, biological, or a combination of all three treatment technologies, and through certain processing techniques (including but not limited to composting; high temperature; anaerobic, etc.), to eliminate harmful substances (pathogens, pests, diseases, eggs, weeds, seeds, etc.) and achieve harmless standards, in compliance with relevant national standards and regulations.
With the decline of family farming and the rise of rural flush toilets, farm manure is gradually declining. Subsequently, long-term use of chemical fertilizers led to problems such as decreased soil fertility, soil compaction, soil deterioration, and increased incidence of pests and diseases. As a result, commercial organic fertilizers emerged and gradually became mainstream.
Nowadays, the term 'organic fertilizer' mostly refers to commercial organic fertilizers. It is a type of fertilizer that is formed by using various animal waste and plant residues, using physical, chemical, biological, or a combination of all three processing technologies, and through certain processing techniques to eliminate harmful substances and achieve harmless standards. It complies with relevant national standards and regulations.

Introduction to Organic Fertilizer Raw Materials
Common plant-based organic fertilizer raw materials include corn straw, wheat straw, soybean straw, and rice straw. Containing high levels of macromolecules such as cellulose and lignin, and low nutrient content such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (except for legumes), it is rare to use these materials alone as organic fertilizers. They are generally used to increase the organic matter of fermentation materials and regulate the carbon nitrogen ratio. This type of raw material is relatively abundant and inexpensive, but due to the fact that most of these materials are in the hands of agricultural retail investors, it is difficult to purchase them on a large scale, and the seasonality is strong. Therefore, it is necessary to stock up in advance for production throughout the year.

Meals: including soybean meal, cotton meal, castor meal, Sichuan pepper meal, peanut meal, etc., which are mostly used as by-products in the agricultural product processing industry and auxiliary materials. Organic fertilizers made from meal materials can be considered high-end organic fertilizers, as they are mostly of feed grade and have high raw material costs, making fermentation and maturation difficult to control.
Mushroom bran: commonly known as mushroom residue or mushroom bag, including Flammulina velutipes residue, Pleurotus ostreatus residue, and Pleurotus eryngii residue. The raw materials are mostly distiller's grains, corn cobs, rice husk powder, wheat bran, soybean meal, and some nutritional elements. Mushroom bran has high organic matter, is rich in bacterial protein, vitamins, trace elements, and auxin, and has good fertility effects when used as organic fertilizer.
Common animal derived organic fertilizer raw materials include animal manure, such as sheep manure, pig manure, and cow manure, which are all good organic fertilizer raw materials. High organic matter content, but difficult to decompose due to low fiber content. When used, it should undergo sufficient maturation and fermentation, and high temperature should be used to kill pest eggs, bacteria, and weed seeds.

Animal processing waste: Processing waste, even livestock waste, can become raw materials for organic fertilizers. The commonly used method is pollution-free biodegradation.
Industrial waste and residue: such raw materials as distiller's grains, vinegar residue, cassava residue, sugar residue, furfural residue, lignin residue, ethanol residue, etc. have a large market scale, strong regional characteristics, low prices, high organic matter content, and a water content generally above 60%. Pay attention to adjusting pH and heavy metals when using.
Smoke residue and tobacco stem: This type of material has high organic matter, nutrients, and sugars, and has good fertility effects in products that are the main raw materials for organic fertilizers. It also has the effect of inhibiting miscellaneous bacteria and resisting soil pests, and is relatively inexpensive.

Medicinal residue: Medicinal residue includes avermectin residue, cephalosporin residue, Tylenol residue, and Penicillium residue. The overall protein and other nutrient content of medicinal residue is relatively high, and the price is in the middle to low range. After use, the fertility effect is good, and it can resist other harmful bacteria. However, the raw material fluidity is high and the stable supply is limited.
Amino acid residue: It has a high protein content, mostly above 40%, and most of it has a taste and is mostly wet material. The price is moderate, and it needs to be dried and air dried to make organic fertilizer with a strong taste and good fertility effect.
Other raw materials for organic fertilizers include Kitchen Waste, sludge, plant ash, volcanic ash, urban sewage sludge, etc. It is worth noting that many low-quality organic fertilizer raw materials also come from here.
Sludge from urban sewage sedimentation: Although it contains a certain amount of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium components, these raw materials do not require money and have low processing costs. However, heavy metals and Escherichia coli are severely exceeded, which can easily cause dead roots and trees, and fruit consumption can lead to malignant cancer.

Industrial wastewater sedimentation sludge: Although this type of sludge also contains a large amount of elements and organic matter, heavy metals are also severely exceeded, which can cause root rot, dead trees, and serious soil pollution.
Paper mill waste: This fertilizer is mainly composed of lignin. It is an organic matter that is extremely difficult to absorb, especially since many chemical raw materials need to be added during the papermaking process, and the vast majority of these raw materials remain in the scraps. It causes great damage to the soil and has a significant impact on tree roots.
Weathered coal: It belongs to the apparent organic matter and cannot become a carbon source for soil microorganisms. The truly effective component in weathered coal is humic acid, but it is an ineffective organic nutrient without deep processing.
The efficacy and function of organic fertilizer
1、 Improve soil and enhance soil fertility. After applying organic fertilizers to the soil, organic matter can effectively improve the physical and chemical conditions and biological characteristics of the soil, mature the soil, enhance the soil's ability to retain and supply nutrients, and buffering capacity, creating favorable soil conditions for crop growth.
2、 Increase production and improve quality. Organic fertilizers contain abundant organic matter and various nutrients, providing nutrition for crops. After organic fertilizer decomposition, it provides energy and nutrients for soil microbial activity, promotes microbial activity, accelerates organic matter decomposition, and produces active substances that can promote crop growth and improve the quality of agricultural products.

3、 Improve the utilization rate of fertilizers. Organic fertilizers contain a lot of nutrients but have relatively low content and slow release, while chemical fertilizers have high nutrient content per unit, fewer components, and fast release. The reasonable combination of the two can complement each other, and the organic acids produced by the decomposition of organic matter can also promote the dissolution of mineral nutrients in soil and fertilizers. Organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer promote each other, which is beneficial for crop absorption and improves fertilizer utilization efficiency.
Distinguishing between good and bad organic fertilizers
Check the packaging: Check if there are proper labels, including company name, factory address, telephone number, fertilizer registration certificate, expiration date, production date, certificate of conformity, etc. Check if it is authorized production (usually authorized production does not have its own factory or source of raw materials). Also, try not to purchase packaging in foreign languages. Judging by color: High quality organic fertilizer should be dark brown to black in color after long-term high-temperature fermentation and maturation; Poor quality products usually have lighter colors. Smell: Carefully smell the fertilizer for ammonia, feces, or sludge odor. Generally speaking, high-quality organic fertilizers have a special sour aroma due to thorough decomposition. Water soluble method: Dissolve organic fertilizer in water and observe. Poor quality fertilizer is evenly distributed, with more impurities, and settles at the bottom; High quality water-soluble fertilizer is evenly distributed and has a sauce color. Hand twisting method: Take organic fertilizer and press it back and forth with your thumb and index finger. If there is a feeling of discomfort, there may be sand particles or other impurities inside, which is likely to be inferior fertilizer. Testing: Take a pot of flowers, grab a large amount of organic fertilizer and sprinkle it directly on the roots and stems of the flowers, water them, and good organic fertilizer will gradually grow white mycelium, promoting plant growth. Poor quality organic fertilizer will smoke the seedlings, causing the plants to gradually wilt until death. It is also possible to leave a portion of the organic fertilizer unused in the field and observe the performance of the plants. Good organic fertilizer will have significant effects on growth, yield, and quality.
Precautions for the use of organic fertilizers
In use, choosing high-quality organic fertilizers is undoubtedly the most important, while also paying attention to the following points: 1. Organic fertilizers have imbalanced nutrients, low nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, and slow decomposition in soil. Although there are many types of nutrients, they cannot meet the needs of high-yield and high-quality crops compared to single nutrient fertilizers. When applying organic fertilizers, chemical fertilizers should be applied according to the nutrient requirements of crops. Organic fertilizers should be used in combination with chemical fertilizers to complement each other's strengths and weaknesses, and to give full play to their respective advantages. Yizhikang (a national patented technology organic chelating liquid fertilizer) high-quality foliar fertilizer should be sprayed in quantity and time to ensure the nutritional needs of crops. 2. Organic fertilizers should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers to avoid ammonia volatilization and reduce the nutrient content of organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers contain a significant amount of organic matter and should not be mixed with nitrate nitrogen fertilizers.

3. Do not overuse organic fertilizers. Excessive use of organic fertilizers can lead to the following situations: burning seedlings, causing a large accumulation of nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium in the soil, resulting in soil nutrient imbalance; The accumulation of nitrate ions in the soil leads to excessive nitrate levels in crops, resulting in high soil solution concentrations that are not conducive to root water absorption.