Biological organic fertilizer is the secret to improving crop yield and soil fertility!

Bio Organic Fertilizer refers to a type of fertilizer that combines microbial and organic fertilizer effects, composed of specific functional microorganisms and organic materials mainly derived from animal and plant residues (such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, etc.) that have been treated harmlessly and decomposed.
Since the 1990s, some research institutions and enterprises in China have successively developed and produced a type of product collectively known as "bio organic fertilizer" and put it on the market.
Due to the original intention of developing and producing this type of fertilizer product, which combines the advantages of organic fertilizers and biological fertilizers, it is beneficial for increasing production and income, fertilizing soil, improving soil micro ecosystems, reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers, and improving the quality of agricultural products. It is in line with the direction of sustainable development of agriculture and green food production in China, and has achieved rapid development in recent years.
Below we will focus on the effects and mechanisms of bio organic fertilizers:

Improve crop yield and enhance crop quality
The release of nutrients from bio organic fertilizers is slow. In terms of nitrogen nutrition, it is mostly supplied to plants in the form of NH4+or amino acids. After entering plant cells, it does not require a large amount of energy and plant photosynthetic products, such as sugars and organic acids, but directly participates in the synthesis of plant cell substances. Therefore, plants grow quickly, accumulate more sugars and other substances, and have good natural agricultural product quality, with little pollution from harmful substances such as nitrate. The application of bio organic fertilizer in the cultivation of Morinda officinalis resulted in varying degrees of increase in the effective components of Morinda officinalis, including methyl isoquercetin 1-methylether, alcohol soluble sugars, and polysaccharides.
Improve soil fertility and enhance soil physicochemical properties
Soil organic matter directly affects soil fertility, water retention, buffering capacity, and aeration status. Therefore, soil organic matter content is an important indicator for measuring soil fertility and is the material basis of soil fertility.
Applying bio organic fertilizers can not only supplement the consumed plant nutrients, but also continuously increase the soil organic matter content. The application of bio organic fertilizers in tobacco cultivation has increased the organic matter content in the soil. After applying bio organic fertilizer in apple orchards, the organic matter content increased by 75.8% compared to the control, the soil bulk density decreased by 12.50% compared to the control, and the capillary porosity increased by 9.8%. This can significantly improve soil structure, increase soil porosity, and enhance soil water and fertilizer retention and aeration capacity.
Organic matter is decomposed by microorganisms and condensed into new humus, which can combine with clay and calcium ions in the soil to form organic-inorganic complexes, promoting the formation of water stable aggregate structures in the soil. This can coordinate the contradictions between water, fertilizer, air, and heat in the soil, improve soil structure, make the soil loose, and improve tillage properties.

Enhance the soil's ability to provide nutrients to crops
In general, nitrogen fixing microorganisms are added to bio organic fertilizers, which mainly reduce N2 in the air to NH4+that can be absorbed and utilized by crops through the action of nitrogenase. The nitrogen fixation efficiency of microorganisms varies greatly depending on soil conditions.
A certain amount of phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms and silicate bacteria are also added to bio organic fertilizers. After being applied to the soil, they proliferate and work synergistically with other soil microorganisms to decompose certain primary and secondary minerals in the soil. At the same time, the fixed phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in these minerals are released, converting ineffective phosphorus and potassium into effective nutrients that can be absorbed and utilized by crops, directly improving the soil's fertilizer supply capacity.
Improving Soil Microecological Systems
Generally, mature organic fertilizers contain beneficial microorganisms such as yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and cellulose degrading bacteria, while bio organic fertilizers with functional bacteria may also contain beneficial bacteria such as nitrogen fixing bacteria, silicate bacteria, phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms, photosynthetic bacteria, and pseudomonas. In addition to the ability to produce a large amount of active substances, some of these microorganisms also have the ability to fix nitrogen, dissolve phosphorus, and dissolve potassium, some have the ability to inhibit plant rhizosphere pathogens, and some have the ability to improve soil microecological environment.

After applying bio organic fertilizer to the soil, it can regulate the microbial community composition in the soil, causing changes in the microbial ecosystem structure in the soil. After applying bio organic fertilizer in the orchard, the number of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes in the root zone soil significantly increased, with bacteria being the absolute majority. This is because when fresh organic matter enters the soil, it provides New Energy for microorganisms, causing significant changes in their population size.  
Under the existing cultivation and management system in our country, factors such as long-term continuous cropping, excessive reliance on chemical fertilizers, unreasonable or excessive use of pesticides, etc., have led to the deterioration of soil microorganisms and soil animal composition. This not only increases the number of harmful microbial communities, but also reduces the level of soil biological fertility. This may be worth paying attention to and strengthening research in sustainable development in the future.
Microorganisms are the core of biological fertility and an indispensable component of soil fertility. Artificially inoculating microorganisms, i.e. applying bio organic fertilizers, is an effective means of maintaining and improving soil fertility.

more important role in reducing the occurrence of crop diseases and pests. This is because there are multiple non pathogenic microbial communities in bio organic fertilizers, which have competitive inhibitory effects on the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and can secrete various antibiotics, insecticides, and plant growth hormones. They not only inhibit the activity of plant pathogenic microorganisms, but also play a role in preventing and controlling plant diseases. They can stimulate crop growth, promote root development, promote the synthesis of chlorophyll, protein, and nucleic acid, and improve crop stress resistance.
For example, the bio organic fertilizer developed from animal husbandry waste resources has a significant control effect on tomato bacterial wilt. Under the condition that the incidence of tomato bacterial wilt in the continuous cropping field is 100% compared with the soil, the average incidence rate of tomato treated with decomposed bio organic fertilizer is 46%. Variance analysis shows that the application of bio organic fertilizer significantly reduces the incidence of tomato bacterial wilt.
Finally, let's talk about some commonly used fertilization methods for bio organic fertilizers.
1. Seed application method: When machine sowing, mix the granular bio organic fertilizer with a small amount of chemical fertilizer and apply it to the soil with the sowing machine.
2. Spraying method: Combining deep plowing or evenly applying bio organic fertilizer to areas with concentrated root distribution and soil layers that are frequently kept moist during sowing, achieving a mixture of soil and fertilizer.
3. Strip furrow application method: Sow crops or fruit trees such as grapes in strips, fertilize and sow after opening the furrow, or open a furrow 5cm away from the fruit tree for fertilization.
4. Circular groove application method: For young fruit trees such as apples, peaches, pears, etc., leave a circular groove around the trunk of the tree at a distance of 20-30cm, fertilize and cover with soil.
5. Radial groove application: For adult fruit trees such as apples, peaches, pears, etc., at a distance of 30cm from the trunk, 4-5 50cm long grooves should be opened around according to the extension of the fruit tree roots. After fertilization, soil should be covered.
6. Hole application method: Drip or transplant crops such as corn, cotton, tomatoes, etc., apply fertilizer into the sowing hole, and then sow or transplant.
7. Root dipping method: For transplanted crops such as rice, tomatoes, etc., a fertilizer suspension is prepared by adding 5 parts of water to bio organic fertilizer, dipping the seedling roots, and then planting.
8. Top dressing method: After sowing in a ditch, evenly cover the seeds with bio organic fertilizer.
In recent years, bio organic fertilizers have been widely applied in some ecological demonstration areas, green and organic agricultural product bases, which is the main direction for the future development of bio organic fertilizers. With the prominent problem of declining soil and agricultural product quality, agriculture advocates the development of ecological sustainable agriculture! So, in the future, bio organic fertilizers will definitely be the necessary path to achieve sustainable agricultural development.